Based on practical experience, several commonly usedWelding positionerTypes and selection principles.

1. Commonly used types of welding positioners

The basic forms of commonly used manual welding positioners include outrigger type, tilting rotary type and double column single rotary type.

(1) Double column single rotation type

The main feature of this kind of welding positioner is that the motor drives the working device at one end of the column to run in one rotation direction, and the other end is driven by the driving end. The columns on both sides can be designed to be lifted to meet the welding needs of structural parts of products of different specifications. The disadvantage of this form of welding positioner is that it can only rotate in one circumferential direction. When selecting, pay attention to whether the welding seam form is suitable.

(2) Two-seater head and tail double rotary type

The two-seat head-to-tail double-rotation welding positioner is the activity space for the structural parts to be welded. It adds another degree of rotational freedom on the basis of the double-column single-rotation welding positioner. This form of welding positioner is relatively advanced, has a large welding space, and can rotate the workpiece to the required position. It has been successfully used by many construction machinery manufacturers.

(3) L-shaped double rotary type

The working device of this kind of welding positioner is L-shaped, with two degrees of freedom of rotation, and both directions can rotate ±360° at will. The advantages of the welding positioner are good openness and easy operation.

(4) C-shaped double rotary type

The C-shaped double-rotation welding positioner is the same as the L-shaped double-rotation welding positioner, except that the tooling fixture of the welding positioner is slightly changed according to the shape of the structural parts. This type of welding positioner is suitable for welding structural parts such as loaders and excavator buckets.

2. Principles for selecting positioners

There are three principles for selecting a welding positioner: first, the principle of suitability for the workpiece, second, the principle of convenient welding, and third, the principle of easy operation.

(1) Workpiece application principle

The shapes of different structural parts of engineering machinery are very different, and the displacement requirements during welding are also different. Therefore, an appropriate welding positioner should be selected according to the structural characteristics and welding requirements of the welded structural parts.

(2) Principle of convenient welding

According to the conditions of manual welding operations, the selected welding positioner should be able to move any weld of the workpiece to the flat welding or ship welding position to avoid vertical and overhead welding and ensure welding quality.

(3) Principle of easy operation

Welding positioners should be selected that are safe and reliable, have good openness, low operating height, and compact structure to facilitate workers' operation and placement of the welding positioner. If the welding operation height of the welding structural parts positioner is high, workers can perform welding by raising the welding height, or they can adjust the height position by equipping a hydraulic lifting platform.